Do you find yourself squinting or straining to see objects clearly? Are you concerned that your vision is deteriorating and are wondering if bad eyesight is genetic? It's a common question many people have, but the answer is not so straightforward. While some eye health problems can be attributed to genetics, there are many other factors that can contribute to poor vision. In this article, we'll explore the role genetics plays in eye health and when it's time to visit an optometrist for eye testing.

Genetics Play a Significant Role in Determining a Person's Eye Health

Some common eye problems have a strong genetic component, meaning that they are more likely to occur in individuals who have a family history of the condition. Some examples of eye conditions that have a strong genetic component include:

  • Myopia (nearsightedness): A person's genetics can influence the shape of their eye and the way their eye processes light, which can increase the likelihood of developing myopia.
  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): AMD is a degenerative condition that affects the central part of the retina and can cause vision loss. Genetics plays a significant role in a person's risk of developing AMD.
  • Retinitis pigmentosa: This is a group of inherited diseases that cause progressive damage to the retina and can lead to vision loss.
  • Glaucoma: Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss. Family history is a significant risk factor for developing glaucoma.
  • Strabismus (eye turn): Studies have shown that there is a higher incidence of strabismus in families, suggesting a possible genetic link. However, the exact cause of strabismus is not always clear and can be influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
  • Colour blindness: Colour blindness is typically inherited and is caused by genetic mutations. The most common form is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait, which means that it is carried on the X chromosome and is more commonly found in males. If a female inherits a mutated X chromosome from one parent and a normal X chromosome from the other, she may have normal colour vision, but can be a carrier of the condition and pass it on to her offspring.

It's also important to note that while genetics play a role, environmental factors, such as exposure to UV light, excessive screen time, and a poor diet, as well as underlying medical conditions can also impact eye health and increase the risk of developing eye problems.

When to Have an Eye Exam?

It is recommended to have an eye test at least once every two years, or more frequently if you have a history of eye problems or if you experience any changes in your vision. It is also important to have regular eye exams if you have a family history of eye problems, are over the age of 40, have a chronic medical condition, or if you wear glasses or contact lenses. An eye exam is an important tool for maintaining good eye health and can detect potential problems early, before they become more serious.

Concerned About Your Vision?

Book in today for comprehensive eye testing. Perth is home to Abernethy Owens, a group of professional Optometrists focusing on providing highly personalised eye care service. With five locations across Perth, book an appointment with your local practice online now.